Diagnostics

Posing a diagnosis begins with a conversation with the patient, collecting a detailed history, clinical examination including digital rectal examination (DRE). Bleeding is a worrying symptom that requires mandatory proctologist's consultation, as well as endoscopy to identify the cause of bleeding. Only after its performance and ruling out a neoplastic disease, treatment may be initiated for other conditions found during the diagnostic procedures.

Rectoscopy - an examination with a rigid endoscope with a light up to 25 cm. If no pathological focus is found at this length, fibresigmoidoscopy (FSS) with a flexible endoscope, up to 60 cm, is performed. The final examination is colonoscopy, which allows you to investigate the end section of the gastrointestinal tract up to 120 cm.

With such a set of diagnostic endoscopy techniques, it should be possible to collect a biopsy specimen and send the tissue sample for histopathological examination to identify the pathological lesion. Later diagnostic stages offer a broad range of commonly used examinations, such as manometry, defecography and endorectal ultrasound with a special head inserted into the anal canal. This allows, for example, to assess the location of an abscess, or the functional status of anal sphincters.

Most proctologic diseases can be treated conservatively owing to the compliance with dietary recommendations, the use of drugs, developing certain habits, the use of the so-called. biofeedback - observation of own body, particularly in patients with bowel movement disorders.